Can We Recreate Dinosaurs Just Like In Jurassic Park?

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To clone a dinosaur, we would need the remnants of its unique genetic information—its DNA. However, scientists highly doubt that sufficient DNA of dinosaurs could have survived to the present day. Since their DNA has been lost to time, it is practically impossible to revive these hulking ancient beasts.

Have you ever gone camping in the wild? Imagine camping in a dense forest, only to wake up in the middle of the night to find the shadow of a monstrous prehistoric reptile sniffing around your tent!

Welcome to Jurassic Park!

If you were like me as a kid, you probably loved dinosaurs, and tense sequences in the Jurassic Park (and later Jurassic World series) likely thrilled you to your bones. Dinos are like dragons, superheroes and fairies, except they actually existed on our planet. They last roamed the earth about 65 million years ago, before a giant asteroid hit the planet, leading to their extinction.

Thanks to the enormous efforts of director Steven Spielberg, we have witnessed a fantastic range of paleolithic creatures roaring back to life—at least on the big screen!

The scientists in the movies used DNA to bring back a menagerie of different kinds and sizes of dinosaurs. They achieved this by extracting dinosaur DNA from a mosquito that had been trapped and preserved in a piece of amber.

While the premise sounds quite thrilling, the question is, could it really be true? Is it possible to recreate dinosaurs from their DNA and build a real-life Jurassic Park?

Let’s find out!

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Can We Create Life From DNA?

The cell of an adult animal has all the DNA necessary to create other cells, and thus make another animal altogether. Scientists have often used a technique called cloning to make copies of cells, genes, tissues and even whole living beings in the lab. The process involves creating multiple identical copies or clones of a particular DNA fragment (even if it’s a very small piece of DNA).

Do you know about Dolly the Sheep? She was the first mammal to be cloned using this process. Many animals—including frogs, pigs, horses, mice, sheep, and cows have since been cloned.

However, a dinosaur is a long-lost beast, which is way different than cloning Dolly the Sheep. Bringing an extinct species back from the dead could be a big deal—literally.

Also Read: How Does Cloning Work?

Has Dinosaur DNA Been Found?

No, we have not yet found dinosaur DNA that would be necessary to make a successful dinosaur clone.

To clone a dinosaur, it’s not just about finding DNA, but also about finding a complete set or sufficient fragments of a dinosaur’s DNA. This is because we need to assemble the tiny pieces to recreate the whole jigsaw puzzle—the genome. Every genome consists of millions of DNA strands. If we can identify the order or sequence of the bases within the DNA, we can put them back together.

Without being able to fully sequence a genome, we don’t have the whole picture of how to recreate a dinosaur.

But Wait… We’ve Found Dinosaur Eggs And Bones. Can We Not Extract DNA From Them?

Not likely. Research shows that DNA molecules break down and decay over time. The last dinosaur died more than 65 million years ago, so DNA is not currently available or accessible today.

The hard parts of the body, like bones and teeth, are left behind even after millions of years, but DNA, the the fundamental material needed to give rise to a living being, is very delicate.

Even if some DNA survived, it may not have enough information to tell us the complete story of the biology of dinosaurs.

Paleontologists agree that the premise of the Jurassic World series is based on an inaccurate idea of how long and in what ways DNA can be preserved in nature. Therefore, it is doubtful that dinosaur DNA can be cloned by extracting pre-historic blood from a mosquito found in amber.

Thus, the idea of sequencing and manipulating DNA from dinosaurs remains fiction… at least for now.

Some scientists do claim to have discovered fully sequenced dinosaur DNA in fossils, but the evidence is still uncertain. However, researchers and scientists continue to look for it around the world.

Also Read: Why Don’t We Find As Many Human Remains As Dinosaur Fossils, Even Though Dinosaurs Are Much Older?

Even If We Find Dinosaur DNA, Can We Clone A Dinosaur?

So, the question remains… even if we manage to extract a complete DNA strand from well-preserved fossils, or if we manage to genetically engineer that DNA, does it mean we can bring back dinosaurs?

Highly unlikely. The challenges are too many and too great.

First, we have to insert the dinosaur DNA into a modern-day animal who is a close living link to dinosaurs, with a quite similar genome (like a bird or a reptile) in order to edit it into its egg. Finding a close relative of a species that has been lost for millions of years is not exactly easy.

This seems like a mammoth task, considering that we do have the fully sequenced genome of a woolly mammoth. Plus, we have identified one of its close relatives: the Asian elephant. Even so, we still haven’t been able to bring it back from the dead.

Even if this attempt is ever successful, the combination wouldn’t be a true dinosaur anyway. For example, who has the closest DNA to dinosaurs? Birds are thought to be direct descendants of dinosaurs. So, while trying to hatch a dinosaur from a chicken egg, against all odds, we would only be able to create a hybrid—like a chickosaurus!

A Final Word

Despite having the best technologies and advancements in genetic engineering and cloning, scientists currently cannot clone actual dinosaurs. This is primarily because their DNA is so old that it cannot be effectively recovered. Even if we do find one, thankfully, we’re still a long way from developing the ability to use ancient DNA to bring long-extinct species back to life.

Enjoying the spectacle of dinosaurs unleashing havoc and chaos from the comfort of the movie theater is one thing. Resurrecting a dinosaur for real is quite another. Messing with nature may have terrifying consequences, as shown in all of those dinosaur-filled films.

So, for now, let’s take it with a great big pinch of salt, because the Jurassic Park movies are worth watching for exactly what they are—good science fiction!

Also Read: Why Earth No Longer Has Animals As Huge As Dinosaurs?